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2.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 39(3): 491-501, jul.-set. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038809

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Monoamine oxidase B inhibitors are used in the treatment of this disease concomitantly with levodopa or as monotherapy. Several substituted coumarins have shown activity as inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B. Objective: To evaluate the possible antiparkinsonian effects of the coumarin analogue FCS005 (3-methyl-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one) in mouse models, as well as its inhibitory activity towards monoamine oxidases (MAO) and its antioxidant activity. Materials and methods: FCS005 was synthesized and the reversal of hypokinesia was evaluated in the reserpine and levodopa models. Moreover, in the haloperidol model, its anticataleptic effects were evaluated. Additionally, the monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity of FCS005 were evaluated using in vitro and ex vivo studies, respectively. Results: FCS005 (100 mg/kg) caused the reversal of hypokinesia in the reserpine and levodopa models. This furocoumarin also presented anti-cataleptic effects at the same dose. Besides, it showed selective inhibitory activity towards the MAO-B isoform and antioxidant activity. Conclusion: These results attribute interesting properties to the compound FCS005. It is important to continue research on this molecule considering that it could be a potential antiparkinsonian agent.


Resumen Introducción. El segundo trastorno neurodegenerativo más común es la enfermedad de Parkinson. Los inhibidores de la monoamino oxidasa B se emplean en el tratamiento de esta enfermedad en monoterapia o concomitantemente con levodopa. Varios compuestos cumarínicos han mostrado actividad como inhibidores de la monoamino oxidasa B. Objetivo. Evaluar los posibles efectos antiparkinsonianos del análogo de la cumarina FCS005 (3-methyl-7H-furo [3,2-g ] chromen-7-one) en modelos de ratones, la actividad inhibitoria frente a las monoamino oxidasas (MAO) y la actividad antioxidante. Materiales y métodos. Se sintetizó la furanocumarina FCS005 y, en los modelos de reserpina y levodopa, se evaluó si producía reversión de la hipocinesia; en el modelo de haloperidol se evaluaron sus efectos anticatalépticos. Además, se evaluó in vitro la actividad inhibidora de MAO y, ex vivo, la actividad antioxidante del compuesto FCS005. Resultados. El compuesto FCS005 en dosis de 100 mg/kg produjo la remisión de la hipocinesia en los modelos de reserpina y de levodopa. Esta furanocumarina presentó efectos anticatalépticos con la misma dosis. Además, mostró tener actividad inhibitoria selectiva sobre la MAO B, así como efectos antioxidantes. Conclusión. Los resultados evidenciaron propiedades interesantes del compuesto FCS005. Es importante continuar investigando esta molécula porque puede ser un potencial agente antiparkinsoniano.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/drug therapy , Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced , Reserpine/administration & dosage , Carbidopa/administration & dosage , Catalepsy/chemically induced , Levodopa/administration & dosage , Coumarins , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Combinations , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Haloperidol , Locomotion/drug effects , Mice, Inbred ICR , Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Antiparkinson Agents/administration & dosage
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(4): 541-546, Apr. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003059

ABSTRACT

The Guidelines Project, an initiative of the Brazilian Medical Association, aims to combine information from the medical field in order to standardize producers to assist the reasoning and decision-making of doctors. The information provided through this project must be assessed and criticized by the physician responsible for the conduct that will be adopted, depending on the conditions and the clinical status of each patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Parkinson Disease/therapy , Deep Brain Stimulation/methods , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Brazil , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Deep Brain Stimulation/adverse effects , Clinical Decision-Making , Motor Activity , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use
4.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(8): 517-521, Aug. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950571

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The wearing-off phenomenon is common in patients with Parkinson's disease. Motor and non-motor symptoms can fluctuate in relation to the "on/off" periods. Objective: To assess the impact of motor and non-motor wearing-off on activities of daily living and quality of life of patients with PD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. All patients were evaluated using the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Wearing-off was assessed using the Wearing-Off Questionnaire-19, and quality of life was assessed using the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-8. Results: A total of 271 patients were included; 73.4% had wearing-off; 46.8% had both motor and non-motor fluctuations. Patients with both motor and non-motor wearing-off had a worst quality of life compared with those with only motor fluctuations (p = 0.047). Conclusions: Motor and non-motor fluctuations have an impact on activities of daily living and quality of life. Non-motor wearing-off may have a higher impact.


RESUMO O fenômeno de encurtamento do fim de dose é comum em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Tanto os sintomas motores quanto os não motores podem flutuar em relação aos períodos de "on/off". Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto das flutuações motoras e não-motoras nas atividades da vida diária e qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Um estudo transversal foi realizado. Todos os sujeitos foram avaliados utilizando a escala unificada para a doença de Parkinson da Sociedade de Distúrbios do Movimento. O encurtamento do fim de dose foi avaliado através do questionário WOQ-19 e a qualidade de vida foi avaliada através do PDQ-8. Resultados: Um total de 271 pacientes foram incluídos, 73,4% tiveram deterioração de fim de dose. A maioria dos pacientes tiveram tanto flutuações motoras quanto não-motoras (46,8%). Os pacientes com ambos os tipos de flutuações motoras e não-motoras tiveram pior qualidade de vida do que pacientes apenas com flutuações motoras (p = 0.047). Conclusões: Pacientes com flutuações motoras e não-motoras tiveram impacto significativo nas atividades da vida diária e na qualidade de vida. As flutuações não-motoras parecem ter um impacto maior que as flutuações motoras sobre a qualidade de vida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Quality of Life , Activities of Daily Living , Motor Activity/physiology , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Reference Values , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Analysis of Variance , Statistics, Nonparametric , Dopamine Agonists/therapeutic use , Disability Evaluation , Educational Status , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use
5.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(2): 71-77, Feb. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888359

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The present study investigated the effects of carvacrol on motor and memory deficits as well as hyperalgesia in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease. The animals were subjected to unilateral microinjection of 6-OHDA into the medial forebrain bundle and treated with carvacrol (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, ip) for six weeks after surgery. The 6-OHDA-lesioned rats showed contralateral rotations towards the lesion side, which was accompanied by learning and memory deficits in a passive avoidance test and a decrease in tail withdrawal latency in a tail flick test at the end of week 6. The results also showed that treatment with carvacrol at a dose of 25 mg/kg ameliorated memory deficits, with no effect on rotations and hyperalgesia in lesioned rats. In conclusion, carvacrol improves memory impairments in rats with Parkinson's disease; therefore, it may serve as an adjunct therapy for the alleviation of memory deficits in Parkinson's disease patients.


RESUMO O presente estudo investigou os efeitos do carvacrol nos déficits motores e de memória, bem como na hiperalgesia, em um modelo da doença de Parkinson (DP) em ratos com lesões 6-OHDA. Os animais foram submetidos a microinjeção unilateral de 6-OHDA no feixe mediano do prosencéfalo e tratados com carvacrol (25, 50 e 100 mg / kg, ip) durante 6 semanas após a cirurgia. Os ratos com lesões 6-OHDA mostraram rotações contralaterais para o lado da lesão, que foram acompanhadas de déficits de aprendizagem e de memória em um teste de evitação passiva, e de uma diminuição da latência de retirada da cauda em um teste de cauda no final da semana 6. Os resultados também mostraram que o tratamento crônico com carvacrol a uma dose de 25 mg / kg aliviou os déficits de memória, sem efeito sobre rotações e hiperalgesia em ratos lesados. Em conclusão, o carvacrol melhora a deficiência de memória em ratos com DP e, portanto, pode servir como uma terapia complementar para aliviar os déficits de memória em pacientes com DP.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Monoterpenes/therapeutic use , Memory Disorders/drug therapy , Memory, Short-Term/drug effects , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Sulfhydryl Compounds/analysis , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Oxidopamine , Rats, Wistar , Monoterpenes/pharmacology , Disease Models, Animal , Cymenes , Memory Disorders/physiopathology , Motor Activity/drug effects , Neuralgia/physiopathology , Neuralgia/drug therapy , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Antiparkinson Agents/pharmacology
6.
CoDAS ; 30(5): e20170200, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-952875

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose Investigate the association between levodopa therapy and vocal characteristics in Parkinson's disease patients. Search strategy Studies published at MEDLINE, LILACS, and SciELO, from 1960 to December 2016. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using the following keywords: Parkinson's disease; levodopa; L-dopa; voice; speech disorders; dysphonia; dysarthria. After analyzing titles and abstracts, two independent reviewers selected all clinical trials that met the eligibility criteria and selected the articles and the data recorded in a previously standardized table. Selection criteria Trials published in English between 1960 and December 2016 individuals with clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease; use of levodopa therapy in stable doses; acoustic analysis combined or not with auditory-perceptual analysis to evaluate the vocal parameters under investigation. Data analysis The following vocal parameters were analyzed: fundamental frequency (F 0), jitter, and vocal intensity. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis V2 software. Results Nine articles met the eligibility criteria and were selected, with a total of 119 individuals. From these, six articles with 83 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. During the levodopa therapy "on" state, modifications in F 0 (SMD=0.39; 95% CI - 0.21-0.57) and jitter (SMD=0.23; 95% CI - 0.02-0.45) were observed. Vocal intensity was not affected (SMD=0.09; 95% CI - 0.22-0.39) by levodopa ingestion. Data of the included studies were controversial in the auditory-perceptual analysis of voice. Conclusion Levodopa therapy modifies F0 and jitter. No changes in vocal intensity were observed in either the "on" or "off" states of levodopa therapy.


RESUMO Objetivo investigar a associação entre o uso da levodopa e as características vocais em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Estratégia de pesquisa estudos publicados nas bases MEDLINE, LILACS e SciELO, de 1960 a dezembro de 2016. Uso dos descritores: doença de Parkinson; levodopa; L-dopa; voz; distúrbios do discurso; disfonia e disartria. Depois de analisar os títulos e os resumos, dois revisores independentes selecionaram todos os ensaios clínicos que atendiam aos critérios de seleção, selecionaram os artigos e registraram os dados em uma tabela padronizada anteriormente. Critérios de seleção ensaios publicados em inglês entre 1960 e dezembro de 2016 assuntos com diagnóstico clínico de doença de Parkinson; uso de terapia com levodopa em doses estáveis; análise acústica combinada ou não com a análise auditiva-perceptiva para avaliar os parâmetros vocais sob investigação. Análise dos dados os parâmetros vocais analisados ​​foram: frequência fundamental (F0), Jitter e intensidade vocal. As diferenças de médias padronizadas (SMD) foram calculadas com o software Metanálise Abrangente V2. Resultados 9 artigos preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade e foram selecionados, com um total de 119 indivíduos. Desses 9 artigos, 6, com 83 indivíduos, foram incluídos na metanálise. Durante a fase "on", houve uma modificação no F0 (SMD = 0,39; IC 95% 0,21-0,57) e Jitter (SMD = 0,23; IC 95% 0,02-0,45). A intensidade vocal não foi afetada (SMD = 0,09; IC 95% -0,22-0,39) pela ingestão da levodopa. Ao considerar a análise auditiva-perceptiva, os dados foram controversos entre os estudos incluídos. Conclusão a terapia com levodopa modifica F0 e Jitter. Não houve alteração na intensidade vocal nas fases "on" e "off" da terapia com levodopa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Parkinson Disease/complications , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Voice/drug effects , Levodopa/pharmacology , Dysarthria/drug therapy , Dysphonia/drug therapy , Antiparkinson Agents/pharmacology , Speech Production Measurement , Voice Quality , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Dysarthria/etiology , Dysphonia/etiology , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use
7.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 53(4): 5-11, out.-dez. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-876883

ABSTRACT

Polineuropatia periférica (PNP) tem sido descrita na doença de Parkinson idiopática (DP), porém a prevalência e os fatores de risco não estão bem definidos. Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência e os fatores de risco para PNP na DP, em comparação com a população geral. Método: Participaram 36 pacientes com DP recrutados no ambulatório de Neurologia do Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro (HUAC) da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Paraíba, e 30 sujeitos controles. Todos os participantes foram submetidos a caracterização clínica da PNP, ao estudo de neurocondução (ENC) dos nervos peroneal e sural bilateral e as dosagens de vitamina B12, homocisteina, ácido metilmalônico e ácido fólico. A Escala Unificada de Avaliação da Doença de Parkinson - III e a de Hoehn-Yahr foram utilizadas na avaliação motora do grupo Parkinson (GP). Resultados: Sinais e sintomas neuropáticos foram mais frequentes no GP (61%). Alterações nos parâmetros do ENC foram observadas em 44,4% do GP e 26,7% do grupo controle, sendo a PNP confirmada em três pacientes e um controle. Análise de regressão revelou associação significativa entre os sintomas neuropáticos e a DP, sem associação com aspectos clínicos e bioquímicos. Conclusão: Pacientes com DP possuem maiores escores neuropáticos e maior prevalência de PNP que controles. Os dados sugerem a própria DP como fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da PNP, minimizando o papel da vitamina B12 e de seus metabólitos neste processo.(AU)


Peripheral neuropathy (PN) has been described in idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) however the prevalence and the risk factors are not well established. Objective: To assess the prevalence of PN and the risk factors for neuropathy in PD against the general population. Method: Participated in the study 36 PD patients recruited from Neurology Outpatient Unit of Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Paraíba, and 30 controls. All the participants were submitted to clinical characterization of PN, nerve conduction study (NCS) and biochemical dosages (B12 vitamin, homocysteine, methylmalonic acid and folic acid). Results: Neuropathic signs and symptoms were more frequent in PD (61%). Alterations in parameters of NCS were observed in 44.4% of Parkinson group and 26.7% of control group, and PN was confirmed in 3 PD patients and 1 control. Regression analyses showed a significant association between symptoms of PN and PD, without association with clinical and biochemical features. Conclusion: PD patients have higher neuropathic scores and frequency of PN than controls. Data suggests the PD by itself as a risk factor for development of PN, reducing the role of B12 vitamin and its metabolites in this process.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Parkinson Disease/complications , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology , Vitamin B 12/therapeutic use , Brazil/epidemiology , Levodopa/adverse effects , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Neurologic Examination/methods , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use
8.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 53(3): 14-18, jul.-set. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-876870

ABSTRACT

A doença de Parkinson (DP) é a segunda doença neu-rodegenerativa mais comum. Caracteriza-se clinicamente por tremor de repouso, rigidez, bradicinesia e instabilidade postural. O presente estudo busca caracterizar clinicamente uma população com DP em nosso meio. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil clínico de pacientes com DP de um hospital terciário do Rio de Janeiro, com foco nos sinais e sintomas motores da doença, para caracterização local da mesma. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de 115 prontuários de pacientes com DP acompanhados no ambulatório de Distúrbios do Movimento do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os parâmetros avaliados incluíram: idade, sexo, tem-po de doença, sinais motores predominantes, dimídio mais afetado, complicações motoras e tratamento utilizado. Resultados: Foram selecionados 95 participantes com DP, sendo a média de idade da amostra de 64,7 anos, com tempo médio de doença de 9,9 anos, pre-dominando no sexo masculino, em uma proporção de 2.5 homens para 1 mulher. Em relação ao tratamento utilizado, predominou o uso da levodopa /inibidor da dopa-descarboxilase, seguindo-se o pramipexole em monoterapia ou a associação de ambos. Conclusão: Apesar da grande variação na faixa etária, observou-se maior acome-timento da doença entre 60 e 80 anos, chamando atenção o tremor como sinal predominante. Entre as complicações motoras destaca-mos o "wearing off", seguido pelas discinesias. (AU)


Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The main clinical features are rest tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural instability. The present study aims to characterize clinically a population with PD in our commu-nity. Objective: To describe the clinical profile of PD patients from a tertiary hospital in Rio de Janeiro, with emphasis on motor signs and symptoms, for its local characterization. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 115 files from PD patients followed at the Movement Disorders Outpatient Clinic at Pedro Ernesto University Hospital from the State University of Rio de Janeiro. Parameters evaluated included: age, sex, disease duration, predominant motor signs, most affected side, motor complications and treatment prescribed. Results: Ninety five PD patients were selected, with an average age of the sample of 64.7 years, average disease duration of 9.9 years, male predominance, in a proportion of 2.5 men:1 woman. Regarding treatment, levodopa/dopa decarboxylase inhibitor was the most common drug prescribed, followed by pramipexol monotherapy or both in association. Conclusion: In spite of the wide age range, the disease affected mainly individuals between 60 and 80 years old. Tremor was the pre-dominant sign. Among motor complications, wearing off and dyskinesias should be highlighted. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Parkinson Disease/complications , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Motor Disorders/diagnosis , Time Factors , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Medical Records , Retrospective Studies , Age Factors , Dopamine Agonists/therapeutic use , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use
9.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 74(8): 687-689, Aug. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-792519

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Most known by his literary ability, the words of the neurologist Oliver Sacks (1933-2015) also had an impact on scientific community about the role of levodopa on parkinsonisms. Different from the most authors and based on his experience described on the book “Awakenings”, he had a pessimistic opinion about levodopa, which was related on many articles written by himself and colleagues in early 1970s. We reviewed the scientific contribution of Oliver Sacks associated to levodopa therapy on parkinsonisms, and how he advised caution with its complications before the majority of physicians.


RESUMO Mais conhecido por sua habilidade literária, as palavras do neurologista Oliver Sacks (1933-2015) também tiveram um impacto sobre a comunidade científica a respeito do uso de levodopa nos parkinsonismos. Diferente da maioria dos autores e baseado em sua experiência única descrita no livro “Tempo de Despertar”, ele tinha uma opinião mais pessimista sobre a levodopa, que ficou relatada em uma série de artigos publicados por ele e colaboradores no início da década de 1970. Revisaremos a contribuição científica de Oliver Sacks referente ao tratamento dos parkinsonismos com levodopa, e como advertiu a cautela com as complicações decorrentes desta medicação antes da maioria dos médicos.


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , Parkinson Disease/history , Levodopa/history , Neurology/history , Antiparkinson Agents/history , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Levodopa/adverse effects , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Antiparkinson Agents/adverse effects , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use
10.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 74(4): 287-292, Apr. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-779814

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Studies which have investigated muscular performance during the initial stages of Parkinson´s disease (PD) without L-dopa treatments were not found. Objective to assess whether muscular performance, work and power, of the trunk and lower limbs in L-dopa naïve patients in the early stages of PD was lower than those of healthy subjects and to compare muscular performance between the lower limbs. Method Ten subjects with PD, Hoehn and Yahr (HY) I-II, L-dopa naïve and 10 subjects in the control group were assessed with the isokinetic dynamometer. Results ANOVAs revealed that work and power measures of the trunk, hip, knee, and ankle muscular groups were lower in PD compared with the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in muscular performance between the lower limbs. Conclusion The results suggested the use of specific exercises, as rehabilitation strategies, to improve the ability to produce work and power with this population.


RESUMO Estudos que investigaram o desempenho muscular durante os estágios iniciais da doença de Parkinson (DP), sem tratamento com L-dopa não foram encontrados. Objetivo Avaliar se o desempenho muscular, por meio de medidas de trabalho e potência, do tronco e dos membros inferiores em pacientes sem o uso de L-dopa nas fases iniciais da DP é menor do que o de indivíduos saudáveis e comparar o desempenho muscular entre os membros inferiores. Método Dez indivíduos com DP, Hoehn and Yahr (HY) I-II, sem L-dopa e 10 indivíduos do grupo controle foram avaliados com o dinamômetro isocinético. Resultados Medidas de trabalho e potência muscular do tronco, quadril, joelho, tornozelo foram menores no PD em comparação com o grupo controle (p < 0,05) e não houve diferenças significativas no desempenho muscular entre os membros inferiores. Conclusão O uso de exercícios específicos, como estratégias de reabilitação, pode melhorar a capacidade de produzir trabalho e potência muscular nesta população.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle Strength/physiology , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Activities of Daily Living , Analysis of Variance , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Case-Control Studies , Disease Progression , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Lower Extremity/physiopathology , Muscle Strength Dynamometer , Motor Activity/physiology , Parkinson Disease/rehabilitation , Reference Values , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Torso/physiopathology
11.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 73(5): 390-395, 05/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-746500

ABSTRACT

Objective To estimate the clinical and demographics aspects that may contribute to cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Method All patients answered a structured standardized clinical questionnaire. Two movement disorders specialists performed the following scale: Unified Parkinson’s disease rating score (UPDRS), the modified Hoehn and Yahr staging, Schwab and England Scale, SCOPA cognition (SCOPA-COG), SCOPA-Psychiatric complications (SCOPA-PC) and Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS). We built a generalized linear model to assess predictors for the SCOPA-COG and SCOPA-PC scores. Results Almost 37% of our patients were demented as per SCOPA-COG scores. Level of education and the UPDRS-Subscale III were predictors of cognitive impairment. Higher scores in domain 3 of NMSS and male gender were associated with psychiatric complications as assessed per the SCOPA-PC. Conclusion Level of education and disease severity are predictors of dementia in PD. Psychiatric complications are more commonly observed in men. .


Objetivo Estimar aspectos clínicos e demográficos que podem contribuir para o comprometimento cognitivo e sintomas psiquiátricos na doença de Parkinson (DP). Método Todos pacientes responderam questionário clínico padrão. Duas especialistas em distúrbios do movimento aplicaram as seguintes escalas: Unified Parkinson’s disease rating score (UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr estágios, Schwab and England Scale, SCOPA cognição (SCOPA-COG), SCOPA-Complicações psiquiátricas (SCOPA-CP) e Escala de sintomas não motores (NMSS). Utilizamos análise multivariada, para avaliar os preditores relacionados ao SCOPA-COG e SCOPA CP. Resultados Aproximadamente 37% dos nossos pacientes foram classificados como dementes utilizando-se os valores obtidos no SCOPA-COG. Nível educacional e a parte III do UPDRS foram preditores de comprometimento cognitivo. Escores elevados no domínio 3 do NMSS e sexo masculino associaram-se com complicações psiquiátricas quando acessadas pelo SCOPA-CP. Conclusão Nível educacional e gravidade de doença são preditores de demência na DP. Complicações psiquiátricas são mais comumente observadas em homens. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Mental Disorders/etiology , Parkinson Disease/complications , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Cognition Disorders/physiopathology , Cognition/physiology , Educational Status , Epidemiologic Methods , Mental Disorders/physiopathology , Neuropsychological Tests , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Psychometrics , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Factors
12.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 73(1): 30-35, 01/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732219

ABSTRACT

Objective Parkinsonian patients usually present speech impairment. The aim of this study was to verify the influence of levodopa and of the adapted Lee Silverman Vocal Treatment® method on prosodic parameters employed by parkinsonian patients. Method Ten patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease using levodopa underwent recording of utterances produced in four stages: expressing attitudes of certainty and doubt and declarative and interrogative modalities. The sentences were recorded under the effect of levodopa (on), without the effect of levodopa (off); before and after speech therapy during the on and off periods. Results The speech therapy and its association with drug treatment promoted the improvement of prosodic parameters: increase of fundamental frequency measures, reduction of measures of duration and greater intensity. Conclusion The association of speech therapy to medication treatment is of great value in improving the communication of parkinsonian patients. .


Objetivo Pacientes parkinsonianos habitualmente apresentam comprometimento na fala. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a interferência da levodopa e do método Lee Silverman de Tratamento Vocal® adaptado nos parâmetros prosódicos empregados por parkinsonianos. Método Dez indivíduos com doença de Parkinson idiopática em uso de levodopa foram submetidos à gravação de enunciados produzidos em quatro momentos: expressando as atitudes de certeza e dúvida e as modalidades declarativa e interrogativa. Os enunciados foram gravados sob o efeito da levodopa (on), fora do efeito da mesma (off); antes e após o tratamento fonoaudiológico, nos períodos on e off. Resultados O tratamento fonoaudiológico e a associação dos tratamentos fonoaudiológico e medicamentoso promoveram a melhora dos parâmetros prosódicos: aumento das medidas de frequência fundamental, redução das medidas de duração e maior intensidade. Conclusão A associação do tratamento fonoaudiológico ao medicamentoso é de grande valia na melhora da comunicação dos parkinsonianos. .


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Speech Therapy , Speech Disorders/therapy , Parkinson Disease/complications , Speech Acoustics , Speech Disorders/etiology , Treatment Outcome
13.
Clinics ; 69(12): 817-822, 2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732385

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate predictors of the response to doxazosin, a selective alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist, when used for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with Parkinson's disease. METHODS: In a prospective study, 33 consecutive men (mean age 59.2±7.0 years) with Parkinson's disease and lower urinary tract symptoms were evaluated. Neurological dysfunction was assessed with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Urological assessment was performed at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment with 4 mg/day of extended-release doxazosin, including symptom evaluation with the International Continence Society male short-form questionnaire, an assessment of the impact of lower urinary tract symptoms on quality of life and urodynamics. Clinical and urodynamic predictors of response were specifically evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with the score at baseline, the total International Continence Society male short-form score was reduced after doxazosin administration, from 17.4±7.5 to 11.1±6.9 (p<0.001). The impact of lower urinary tract symptoms on quality of life was also significantly reduced, from 1.8±1.1 to 1.0±1.0 (p<0.001) and the maximum urinary flow varied from 9.3±4.4 to 11.2±4.6 ml/s (p = 0.025). The severity of neurological impairment ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Doxazosin/therapeutic use , Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/drug therapy , Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Quality of Life , ROC Curve , Severity of Illness Index , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Urodynamics/physiology
14.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 719-728, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-60726

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to analyze the patterns of antipsychotic prescription to patients with schizophrenia in Korea. Using the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service-National Patients Sample (HIRA-NPS), which was a stratified sampling from the entire population under the Korean national health security system (2009), descriptive statistics for the patterns of the monopharmacy and polypharmacy, neuropsychiatric co-medications, and prescribed individual antipsychotic for patients with schizophrenia were performed. Comparisons of socioeconomic and clinical factors were performed among patients prescribed only with first- and second-generation antipsychotics. Of 126,961 patients with schizophrenia (age 18-80 yr), 13,369 were prescribed with antipsychotic monopharmacy and the rest 113,592 with polypharmacy. Two or more antipsychotics were prescribed to 31.34% of the patients. Antiparkinson medications (66.60%), anxiolytics (65.42%), mood stabilizers (36.74%), and antidepressants (25.90%) were co-medicated. Patients who were prescribed only with first-generation antipsychotics (n=26,254) were characterized by significantly older age, greater proportion of male, higher proportion of medicaid, higher total medical cost, lower self-payment cost, and higher co-medication rates of antiparkinson agents and anxiolytics than those who were prescribed only with second-generation antipsychotics (n=67,361). In this study, it has been reported substantial prescription rates of first-generation antipsychotics and antipsychotic polypharmacy and relatively small prescription rate of clozapine to patients with schizophrenia. Since this study has firstly presented the patterns of antipsychotic prescription to schizophrenic patients in Korean national population, the findings of this study can be compared with those of later investigations about this theme.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anti-Anxiety Agents/therapeutic use , Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Clozapine/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Insurance, Health , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Polypharmacy , Republic of Korea , Schizophrenia/drug therapy
16.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 71(11): 835-840, 1jan. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-691311

ABSTRACT

Objective Research is scarce regarding the use of prosodic parameters in the expression of attitudes in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the parameters used in prosodic expression of attitudes in individuals with idiopathic PD and the effect of levodopa on these parameters. Method We studied the use of levodopa in 10 individuals with idiopathic PD during the “off” and “on” periods, and 10 individuals without neurological abnormalities. Results PD patients showed lower frequency measurements and longer duration measurements. The levodopa caused reduction in the duration parameter. Conclusion PD patients use prosody to express their attitudes in the same way as controls in both off and on periods. However, when attitudes are not taken into account, levodopa is effective in improving the duration parameter. .


Objetivo A literatura é omissa quando questionada sobre o emprego dos parâmetros prosódicos na expressão das atitudes em parkinsonianos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os parâmetros prosódicos empregados na expressão de atitudes em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson (DP) idiopática e a interferência da levodopa sobre esses parâmetros. Método Foram estudados 10 indivíduos com DP idiopática, em uso de levodopa, nos períodos off e on e 10 indivíduos sem alterações neurológicas. Resultados A DP faz com que os parkinsonianos apresentem menores medidas de frequência e maiores medidas de duração. A levodopa provocou redução no parâmetro duração. Conclusão A DP não faz com que o sujeito use sua prosódia para expressar as atitudes de forma diferente do grupo controle, em ambos os períodos, off e on. No entanto, quando não são levadas em consideração as atitudes, observamos que a levodopa foi eficiente em melhorar o parâmetro de duração. .


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Speech/drug effects , Speech/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Reference Values , Speech Acoustics , Speech Production Measurement , Time Factors , Voice Quality
17.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 71(10): 757-762, out. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-689795

ABSTRACT

Objective To report the clinical and neuroimaging findings in a case series of vascular parkinsonism (VP). Methods Seventeen patients with VP were evaluated with motor, cognitive, and neuroimaging standardized tests and scales. Results All patients had arterial hypertension. Ten patients were male and the mean age of the whole sample was 75.8±10.1 years. The mean age of parkinsonism onset was 72.2±10.0 years. Common clinical features were urinary incontinence (88.2%), lower limb parkinsonism with freezing of gait and falls (82.3%), and pyramidal signs (76.4%). The mean Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yahr scores were 72.5±21.6 points and 3.3±0.9 points, respectively. Sixteen (94.1%) patients had freezing of gait and executive dysfunction. Twelve (70.5%) patients had probable vascular dementia. The mean dose of levodopa was 530.9 mg/day. Unresponsiveness to the drug was confirmed by a 6.9 mean point reduction in the UPDRS score after the “practically defined off” test. Conclusion This series provides a profile of VP with predominant lower-limb involvement, freezing of gait and falls, pyramidal signs, executive dysfunction, concomitant vascular dementia, and poor levodopa response. .


Objetivo Relatar os achados clínicos e de neuroimagem em parkinsonismo vascular (PV). Métodos Foram avaliados 17 pacientes com PV do ponto de vista motor, cognitivo e de neuroimagem através de testes e escalas padronizados. Resultados Dos 17 pacientes, 10 (58,5%) eram homens; a média de idade média foi 75,8±10,1 anos. Todos os pacientes eram hipertensos; a média de idade do início do parkinsonismo foi 72,2±10,0 anos. Achados clínicos mais frequentes: incontinência urinária (88,2%); parkinsonismo de membros inferiores com bloqueio de marcha e quedas (82,3%); sinais piramidais (76,4%). A média dos escores UPDRS e Hoehn-Yahr foram, respectivamente, 72,5±21,6 e 3,3±0,9 pontos. Dezesseis pacientes (94,1%) apresentaram bloqueio de marcha e disfunção executiva. Doze pacientes (70,5%) preencheram critérios para demência vascular provável. A dose média de levodopa foi 530,9 mg/dia e os pacientes tiveram uma baixa resposta à droga, tendo havido redução de apenas 6,9 pontos em média no escore UPDRS após o teste “practically-defined off”. Conclusão O perfil de PV encontrado neste estudo foi caracterizado por: envolvimento predominante de membros inferiores, com bloqueio de marcha e quedas; sinais piramidais; disfunção executiva; demência vascular concomitante e resposta pobre à levodopa. .


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/physiopathology , Activities of Daily Living , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cerebrovascular Disorders/complications , Cerebrovascular Disorders/drug therapy , Cognition Disorders/physiopathology , Hypertension/complications , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/drug therapy , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/etiology , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment Outcome
18.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 18(3): 855-862, Mar. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-669711

ABSTRACT

A doença de Parkinson é universal, sendo a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais comum em idosos e tem alta prevalência, afetando entre 0,5 e 1% da população com idade entre 65 e 69 anos. A adesão à terapia medicamentosa é considerada o principal determinante para a efetividade do tratamento, porém apenas recentemente vem sendo estudado em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Trata-se de estudo transversal e descritivo que avaliou a adesão à terapia com levodopa em 112 pacientes com doença de Parkinson que frequentavam regularmente o ambulatório de distúrbios do movimento do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo utilizando o teste Morisky e Green e o instrumento que avalia atitudes frente à tomada dos remédios (IAAFTR). Dos pacientes entrevistados, 53% não apresentaram adesão ao tratamento e 52% não tomam a medicação no horário correto. Os pacientes devem ser orientados sobre a importância de ingerir sua medicação no horário correto, entendendo os benefícios que a adesão pode proporcionar estando cientes de que doses não tomadas, tomadas em excesso, ou em horários diferentes dos prescritos podem diminuir sua resposta ao tratamento, afetando negativamente sua evolução clínica e qualidade de vida, gerando maiores custos à saúde pública do país.


Parkinson's disease is universal and the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease among the elderly affecting between 0.5 and 1% of the population between 65 and 69 years of age. Adherence to medication is considered the main determinant for the effectiveness of treatment, but only recently has it been studied in patients with Parkinson's disease. This cross-sectional and descriptive study assessed adherence to medication in 112 patients with Parkinson's disease who regularly attended the movement disorder outpatient unit at the Hospital das Clinicas of the School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, using the Morisky and Green test and an instrument that assesses attitudes of medicine intake (IAAFTR). Of the patients interviewed, 53% failed to adhere to treatment and 52% did not take the medication at the correct time. Patients should receive guidance about the importance of taking their medication at the correct time, understanding the benefits that adherence to medication can provide. They should also be aware that doses not taken, taken in excess or not taken at the prescribed times can reduce their response to treatment, having a negative effect on the clinical outcome and quality of life, thereby generating higher costs to public health in the country.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Outpatients
19.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 70(9): 715-717, Sept. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-649307

ABSTRACT

Taking into account the crescent interest in the field of dystonia genetics, we have organized a didactic and fast algorithm to diagnose the main forms of hereditary dystonias. The key branch of this algorithm is pointed to dystonia classification in primary, plus, or paroxysmal. The specific characteristics of each syndrome will reveal the diagnosis.


Levando em consideração o interesse crescente no campo da genética das distonias, organizou-se um algoritmo rápido e didático com a finalidade de auxiliar no diagnóstico das principais formas de distonia hereditária. O ramo principal desse algoritmo é a própria classificação da distonia: primária, paroxística, ou plus. As características específicas de cada síndrome podem sugerir o diagnóstico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Dystonic Disorders/diagnosis , Parkinsonian Disorders , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Dystonic Disorders/classification , Dystonic Disorders/genetics , Genetic Testing , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Parkinsonian Disorders/complications , Parkinsonian Disorders/drug therapy
20.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 47(4): 25-29, out.-dez. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-641407

ABSTRACT

Desde o trabalho original, são conhecidos alguns distúrbios autonômicos associados à doença de Parkinson, tais como, sialorréia, disfagia e constipação intestinal. Nesta revisão, descrevemos as principais alterações gastrointestinais, cardiovasculares, urinárias, sexuais, termorregulatórias e cutâneas. Apesar da alta prevalência (14 a 80%), continuam inadequadamente diagnosticadas.


Since the original manuscript, it has become known that some autonomic disorders are associated with Parkinson´s disease, such as sialorrhea, dysphagia and constipation. In this review we describe the main gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, urinary, sexual, thermoregulatory and cutaneous dysfunctions. Despite the high prevalence of these disorders (14 to 80%), they remain underdiagnosed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Parkinson Disease/complications , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Parkinson Disease/epidemiology , Primary Dysautonomias , Sialorrhea/etiology , Review Literature as Topic , Prevalence , Constipation/etiology , Primary Dysautonomias/drug therapy , Hypotension, Orthostatic/etiology , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use
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